F3 Research

Research on alternative ingredients continues to grow as supply chain disruptions and increasing feed costs necessitate more optionality in feed formulations. The F3 Team has already published several articles this year demonstrating the effectiveness of alternatives in the diets of top aquaculture species. Stay tuned for more!



• Tran, L., Nhut, T.C., Alfrey, K.B., Barrows, F.T., Kuhn, D., McLean, E. (2022). Performance of Pacific whiteleg shrimp fed an open-source marine resource-free diet under commercial conditions. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, in press.
• McLean, E., Alfrey, K.B., Gatlin, D.M., Gaylord, T.G., Barrows, F.T. (2022). Muscle amino acid profiles of eleven species of aquacultured animals and their potential value in feed formulation. Aquaculture and Fisheries.
• Optimizing efficiency and lowering aqua feed costs using the ideal protein concept, McLean et al., Aquafeed Magazine

• McLean, E., Alfrey, K.B., Gatlin, D.M., Barrows, F.T. (2022). Responses of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides, Lacépède, 1802) to fishmeal-, and fish oil-free diets. Aquaculture Research, 53, 3036–3047. Press release
• Suehs, B.A., Alfrey, K.B., Barrows, F.T., Gatlin, D.M. (2022). Evaluation of growth performance, condition indices and body composition of juvenile red drum (sciaenops ocellatus) fed fishmeal- and fish-oil-free diets. Aquaculture, 551, 737961.