Volume 7 | April 2024
The Wonders of WIC
Nutrition
Since its beginnings the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children, commonly known as WIC, has provided vital pre- and post-natal services to millions of moms, infants and young children through our state and local partners.
 
The Wonders of WIC is our way of capturing and sharing out your successes, your innovations and your people. In this edition we spotlight another one of the Wonders of WIC…nutrition.
Regional Administrator Column
From the Desk of
Regional Administrator Lizbeth Silbermann
Happy 50th Birthday WIC! This year we’re celebrating 50 years of helping improve health outcomes for women, infants, and children. And in many cases, saving lives. Be sure to listen to Maine’s State WIC Director, Ginger Roberts-Scott, audio testimony of how WIC saved her life.

WIC’s 50th also means I’ve been enjoying the opportunity to recognize staff who have worked in WIC for more than 30 years. There are a lot of you! While in the U.S. Virgin Islands earlier this year I had an incredible opportunity to talk and meet with both an original staff member and one of the first participants who spoke about what WIC was like in 1974 and how far the program has come.

Speaking about how far the program has come, just a few weeks ago we marked a new milestone in WIC with the announcement of final changes to the WIC food packages. The science-based changes provide WIC participants with a wider variety of nutritious foods to support healthy dietary patterns and accommodate special dietary needs and personal and cultural food preferences.

In March we celebrated National Nutrition Month®, which includes IBCLC and RDN Days. I want to recognize the contributions of those professionals working in WIC throughout the region. Also, thank you to all of you who contributed to this issue. It is filled with your work, your experiences, and your words.
WIC 50th Anniversary
This year marks the 50th anniversary of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, commonly known as WIC.

WIC ensures mothers and young children who are low-income and nutritionally at-risk have the specialized nutrition, resources and referrals to the services they need. It offers supplemental nutritious food, nutrition education, breastfeeding support and immunization screening and referrals, along with referrals to other important health and social services such as housing assistance and connecting participants to pediatricians. Read more about Celebrating 50 Years of WIC.

Visit USDA's WIC Works Resource System page all year long for newly added WIC 50th content and celebrate with us by sharing our featured resources, including new social media posts, a new page with 50 Fun Facts About WIC, and more!

The National WIC Association has a page dedicated to celebrating the 50th Anniversary of WIC. You can find a toolkit, videos, and more.
Field Reports WIC50 Series - Maine WIC
Field Reports is a regionally produced audio series, airing interviews about the federal nutrition programs operating across New England, New York and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In 2024 we're airing the WIC50 Series. You’ll hear from guests at the local, state and federal level. We’ll be exploring the purpose, history, trends, and innovations that have made WIC a cornerstone of public health.
We’re on air with Maine WIC.

You'll hear from former and current WIC staff, some of whom opened the very first clinic in Bangor back in 1974.

Retired WIC staff Gailene Bell, Karen Seams, and Ramona Edwards join current WIC staff Pat Doustout and ME WIC Director Ginger Roberts-Scott, to share their experiences in the Maine WIC program, from its inception to today---- and beyond. Hear how WIC services help families thrive.
We’re airing a testimonial from Maine WIC Director Ginger Roberts-Scott.

Hear her experience in WIC, from program participant to State Director.

Roberts-Scott credits WIC with saving her life.
Artist Spotlight
Artist: Arianna Forbes, Breastfeeding Peer Counselor, MaineGeneral WIC, Augusta, ME

Background: As part of an attendee engagement activity during the Breastfeeding Curricula virtual training, Peer Counselor and Artist Arianna Forbes, who holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts, shared her personal breast art paintings.

How long have you worked for WIC and what’s your favorite thing about your job? I started with my position in July 2023. I have found pride in being able to educate parents on the most natural way to nourish their newborn while simultaneously providing support. By gaining a tremendous sense of accomplishment through this position, not to mention the reward of making a difference in the lives of other parents.

Artist Insight: Through personal experience, my work is energized by the elegance of breastfeeding. I  am grateful to be able to produce and nourish my now 3-year-old tiny human. I am honored to be a representative of the WIC family, serving my community as the Breastfeeding/Chestfeeding Peer Counselor.

Infant feeding throughout history has always been influenced by society, from wet nurses to supplementation. New parents are immediately faced with the decision, “Are you planning on breastfeeding?" Depending on their exposure, education, and influences, many new parents don’t even realize they are facing a breast-verses-bottle controversy. Many immediately think of the possible negative side effects: “I heard it hurts.” “I grew up on formula, and I’m just fine." “Formula is easier and more convenient.” “I don’t want my breasts to be ruined.” “I have small breasts; there is no way I can produce enough.” Without even taking a second to see or learn the beauty of lactation and expression.

Focused on sensuality while latched, my art emotes the vitality that radiates within and brings beauty to the physicality of nursing. The objective is to feel empowerment and confidence from viewing natural beauty in its rawest form, an abstract anatomical adaptation on a wooden panel. The intent is to captivate an audience with the elegance and power of the first food, nature’s nectar. You can find more of my work on my Artist Instagram, @ VWord.Art.
USDA Updates WIC Food Packages
On April 9, Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack announced that USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) finalized updates to the foods prescribed to participants in WIC. These science-based revisions incorporate recommendations from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) and the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025.

“WIC has a half-century track record of caring for young families. USDA and the Biden-Harris Administration are committed to ensuring that moms, babies and young children continue to thrive through WIC,” said Secretary Vilsack. “These participant-centered changes will strengthen WIC by ensuring the foods participants receive reflect the latest nutrition science to support healthy eating and the brightest futures.” Read more.
April Health Campaigns
April is National Minority Health Month, founded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Minority Health. This annual observance builds awareness about the health disparities that persist among racial and ethnic minority and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations and encourages everyone to take action to end these inequities.

This year's theme, Be the Source for Better Health: Improving Health Outcomes Through Our Cultures, Communities, and Connections, is about understanding how the unique environments, cultures, histories, and circumstances (known as social determinants of health, or SDOH) of racial and ethnic minority and AI/AN populations impact their overall health.
Learn more here.
Held annually on April 11-17, Black Maternal Health Week is a week-long campaign founded and led by the Black Mamas Matter Alliance to build awareness, activism, and community-building to amplify the voices, perspectives and lived experiences of Black Mamas and birthing people.

This year's theme,“Our Bodies STILL Belong to Us: Reproductive Justice NOW!”
highlight the widespread restrictions on abortion care access coupled
with rising cases of criminalization due to pregnancy loss that continue to widen the gaps of adverse maternal and birth outcomes in the U.S. Learn more here.
March Nutrition Highlights
National Nutrition Month® is an annual campaign established in 1973 by the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. During the month of March, everyone is invited to learn about making informed food choices and developing healthful eating and physical activity habits. Below is a sampling of nutrition highlights that took place across the region during March.

(The posts are courtesy of featured social media sites)

Rhode Island
RI Department of Health posts about nutritionists and healthy food packages available to WIC participants.

USDA
USDA posts about WIC benefits being used at approved farmers markets.
Connecticut
Day Kimball Healthcare posts about a winter play group for WIC families, which includes play, story time, music, snacks and more.

US Virgin Islands
Virgin Islands Department of Public Health posts a healthy and delicious recipe using WIC foods.

New York
Essex County WIC posts about seed packets available for WIC families to grow fresh and healthy fruits and vegetables.
Vermont
Vermont Department of Health posts about an online breastfeeding class for WIC families.

New Hampshire
NH Public Health posts about WIC being a resource to support moms' breastfeeding journeys.
Massachusetts
Mass WIC posts about using WIC benefits to add plant-based foods, like beans and legumes to favorite soups, salads and
rice dishes.
Maine
Bangor Public Health and Community Services posts
how WIC can help purchase foods like rice, vegetables and whole grains to use in families'
traditional recipes.
Nutrition Spotlight
New Hampshire Community Partners Page and Training Videos
(submitted by Hannah Scott, Nutrition Coordinator, NH WIC)

New Hampshire recently created a new ‘WIC for Community Partners’ page on our State website. The page features resources and information relevant to our community partners, including events, outreach materials, and training opportunities.

As part of this, we also developed two training videos that provide a deeper dive into what WIC is and the services provided. Both videos are between 15-20 minutes long. The first video discusses what the program is, core services provided, and how to apply. The second video provides detailed information on the foods available and how to shop with an eWIC card at local stores.

We have since distributed the link to the page and videos broadly amongst our various community networking groups in the state. Our hope is that this page and videos provide opportunities for our partners to learn more about WIC to increase referrals and overall confidence when discussing the program with the individuals they are working with.

Check out the web page and videos here.
Vermont State Park Pass Partnership
(submitted by Gillian MacKinnon, Nutrition Specialist, VT WIC)

Vermont Parks Forever (VPF) provided 1,400 state park passes to WIC participants and their families during the 2023 season. For WIC staff, this partnership was met with extreme excitement. Staff reported feeling “ecstatic that they could get people into state parks” and they were “thrilled to be able to give families an opportunity they might not have otherwise”. Staff were so happy to be in the role of handing out the passes knowing that it may be the first time a child might visit a state park and experience an unforgettable outdoor experience. Staff also appreciate having incentives such as this to help build their relationship with their clients. It’s truly been a win/win experience for staff and participants to be a part of the VPF State Park Pass Program because we have been able to offer above and beyond what families expect from us, which feels good and supports them in coming back to see us throughout the year.

Staff handed out the coupons in various ways to WIC participants. Some offices allowed families to come into the office, have a quick conversation about how and where to use the passes and they were handed out. Many offices paired the distribution of State Park Passes with the Farmer’s Market coupon distributions. which were already planned at local Farmer’s Markets throughout the months of June, July and August. A few additional highlights included:

  • The Middlebury WIC office planned a “Welcome Back to WIC Celebration” where families were invited to come into the WIC office, meet WIC staff, and walk away with a state park pass. This event was one of the most attended events the office has ever seen with over 100 total individuals stopping by.

  • The St. Albans WIC office planned a fun outdoor activity called the “Tot Trek” where they invited families to come to a local park to catch bugs with bug nets and walk away with state park passes.

  • The White River Junction office had signs in their local office and at Farmer’s Market coupon distributions that they had the State Park Passes available, so folks learned about them that way in their office.

  • Central Office WIC supported the work of translating “Ask us about Vermont State Parks passes” that local office staff used in their waiting rooms, on social media, and out in the community when at nutrition education events. We hope to take this a step further next year and specifically track families who receive passes and how they learned about the passes. (click the State Park graphic to see the translations on the other side.)

Vermont WIC staff were surveyed and asked questions regarding how they felt the year had gone, whether they were successfully able to distribute the passes we received from VPF, whether they tracked families, and ways to improve the program next year.
Vermont Nutrition Staff Retention Plan
(submitted by Jackie Charnley, Nutrition Coordinator, VT WIC)

Vermont state and local WIC staff are all employees of the Vermont Department of Health. Historically, both Health Department nurses and nutritionists were in the role of the WIC Competent Professional Authority (CPA) or Certifiers. In an effort to prioritize nutrition counseling, nurses were transitioned out of WIC services and staffing of only Registered Dietitian Nutritionists (RDN), Nutritionists, and Nutrition Assistants was implemented. The goal is to provide a career ladder to retain qualified nutrition professionals.

Nutritionist I is the entry level position which performs nutrition assessments, breastfeeding support, and completes certifications of WIC participants. The Nutritionist I conducts high risk follow up, community nutrition activities, outreach efforts, and provides trainings to local community partners on nutrition related topics.

Nutritionist II is the next level of nutritionist that performs all the duties of the Nutritionist I. In addition, the Nutritionist II supervises local Breastfeeding Peer Counselors and oversees the peer counselor program at the local district level including hiring, orienting, training and evaluation of peer counselor performance.

Nutritionist III is the supervisory position that oversees WIC Program operations at the local Health Department WIC office level. In addition, this position performs nutritionist duties including nutrition assessments, breastfeeding support, and completes certifications of WIC participants.

Nutrition Assistants provide nutrition services to WIC applicants and low-risk participants including eligibility determination, health and nutrition assessment and education at a para-professional level. The Nutrition Assistant participates in the planning and provision of nutrition education activities at the local level.

State Nutrition Staff are Nutritionists and Registered Dietitian Nutritionists and many are hired from nutrition staff in the local WIC offices across Vermont. The local level WIC experience is a valuable asset for informing the development and evaluation of nutrition goals, objectives, and strategic plans for the State WIC Program.
U.S. Virgin Islands Highlights
Frederiksted WIC Celebrates National Nutrition Month® and WIC’s 50th Anniversary with a Bang
Jeremiel Bermudez interacts with WIC Nutrition Aide Catalina Diaz as she makes a spinach banana smoothie as Tennessee State students look on. He then gives a thumbs up after tasting it.
(submitted by Lorna Concepcion, USVI WIC Director)

The Frederiksted WIC clinic was a buzz of activity with moms and children there to celebrate National Nutrition Month® (NNM) and WIC’s 50th Anniversary. Staff held a nutrition demonstration within the NNM theme of Beyond the Table, letting participants learn how to eat a variety of foods in all forms.

They were treated to drinking their vegetables by trying a spinach banana smoothie, where one youngster gave a thumbs up for the drink. Mom was inspired to try this at home knowing he would be getting a healthy vegetable serving. Looking on were the Tennessee State University students along with faculty who came on a student experiential visit just in time to help celebrate WIC’s 50th Anniversary in the Virgin Islands during National Nutrition Month® to learn how food security programs work. WIC in its 50th year is continuing to provide healthy foods, nutrition and breastfeeding education to its clientele to help them achieve healthy life outcomes.

Also featured was an oatmeal bar that is among the recipes in the Virgin Islands' WIC recipe book, for which all who attended received a copy. One participant was indicating the valuable experiences she has had with WIC, hailing it as a truly helpful program that helps her provide healthy meals for her family, especially the fruits and vegetables benefit.
Staff member Janice Daniel serves up the oatmeal bar, which was enjoyed by all.
WIC participant Raydiance Cherubin expounding to other moms on her positive WIC experience, especially appreciating the increased fruits and vegetables benefit.
USDA Celebrates 52 Years of WIC with USVI
The U.S. Virgin Islands is celebrating 52 years of WIC as they had one of the pilot clinics in 1972, before the program was launched in 1974.

A recent trip to USVI was an opportunity for Regional Administrator Lizbeth Silbermann to celebrate the 50th Anniversary of the WIC Program and the USVI’s historic role.

(l to r) Silbermann is pictured with three women who are part of USVI WIC history. Ms Gloria Carlos, one of the original WIC staff in 1974, Lorna Concepcion, USVI WIC Director who has spent 40 years working in WIC, and Mrs. Hilaria Duval, one of the first WIC participants in the USVI.
The USDA team was able to meet and talk with third-generation participants of the WIC program, Lornette Daniel, her daughter Jah-Healla Daniel and her son Naazir Daniel.

“In my time raising my seven children it came in very helpful. Especially when times are not as good, and you really want to provide your children with a nutritious meal. It is an excellent program that has been put in place especially for mothers who are financially challenged,” Lornette Daniel said about the WIC program.

Jah-Healla Daniel agreed with her mother and said, “I appreciate being able to buy fresh fruits and vegetables for my children. I’m very health conscious so I appreciate the farmers market coupons that they have implemented because I prefer to shop local and get fresh organic fruit and vegetables.”
Regional Administrator Lizbeth Silbermann presents a certificate of recognition to Linora Perez, for 44 years of service to the USVI WIC program.

Silbermann remarked, "I am honored to recognize the lifetime of service and dedication to WIC across USVI. Your work in improving maternal and child health is truly lifesaving. Thank you for all that you do in helping families thrive.”
Rhode Island Highlights
Celebrating 50 Years of WIC in RI
Ann Barone, RI WIC Director, joins Dr. Philip Chan on his Public Health Out Loud podcast to talk about WIC's history and the positive impact it has had on Rhode Island families over the years.
Rhode Island WIC Conference
(submitted by Sabrina Rivera, Communication Specialist, RI WIC)

On March 27, the Rhode Island Department of Health commemorated a significant milestone- the 50th anniversary of the Women, Infants, and Children program. This celebration was marked by the gathering of WIC staff from all over the state, recognizing their dedication and years of service. The event was notably acknowledged by the USDA Food and Nutrition Service, highlighting the role the program and its staff play in supporting community health.

The ceremony featured a lineup of distinguished speakers, including Rhode Island Department of Health Deputy Director Seema Dixit, who offered insightful remarks on the WIC program’s essential contributions to public health. Additionally, Christine Ruggieri, the USDA Northeast Deputy Regional Administrator, provided valuable words on the importance of the WIC program in nurturing healthy communities. Ann Barone, Chief of the WIC program at the Rhode Island Department of Health, also spoke to the program’s impact on Rhode Island families and its future direction.

A highlight of the event was main guest speaker Clancy Harrison, founder of the Food Dignity movement. Harrison’s contribution to the event was profound, delving into the critical issue of hidden hunger in the United States and the urgent need for food equity. Through her advocacy, she underscored the significance of the WIC program in addressing nutritional gaps and supporting vulnerable populations, reinforcing the event’s theme of commitment to community health and wellbeing.

As the event came to a close, WIC staff took the opportunity to wish the program a happy 50th birthday, utilizing the Rhode Island Department of Health’s new video platform Soapboxx to share their heartfelt messages of hope and gratitude. This event not only honored the WIC program’s 50 years of service, but also set a hopeful tone for its continued impact on communities in the years to come.
Beth Nitkin, East Bay Community Action Program, 40 years of service, was one of nine WIC staff from around the State that received USDA longevity certificates.
Attendees from Meeting Street.
Attendees from Children's Friend.
New York WIC Highlights
USDA Visits New York WIC Clinic
U.S. Deputy Secretary of Agriculture Xochitl Torres Small visits the Onondaga County Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) office in Syracuse.

At the visit, USDA's Deputy Secretary held a roundtable discussion with state officials and stakeholders, toured the facilities, and met with local WIC program participants.

"Thank you to the committed staff at the Onondaga County clinic for hosting USDA and for their efforts to ensure Syracuse mothers, families, infants, and children are able to receive vital WIC benefits. Their dedication directly results in better life outcomes for the children and babies that benefit from their services. We know that providing children and families access to healthy, nutritious food means better health outcomes, higher cognitive functions, and a brighter future for our nation." said USDA Deputy Secretary Xochitl Torres Small.
pictured with USDA Deputy Secretary Xochitl Torres Small (front row second from left) are
Kathleen Jakway, Senior Nutritionist, Onondaga County Health Department WIC Program; Dr. Kathryn Anderson, Commissioner of Health, Onondaga County Health Department; Kristina Schoonmaker, Program Coordinator, Onondaga County Health Department WIC Program; Melanie Drotar, Public Health Communications Director, Onondaga County Health Department; Elizabeth Machan - Director of Maternal and Child Health, Onondaga County Health Department and Sunny Jones, Syracuse Healthy Start Program Coordinator, Onondaga County Health Department
USDA Longevity Recognition


Sharon McClure, Brookdale Hospital WIC, Brooklyn, is recognized by USDA for 40 years of service to NY WIC. More than 40 folks from across the State were honored for their 30 or more years of service.

"Seeing our WIC babies grow up and come back to say thank you and sometimes are now our clients." "Staff growth and development...watching staff move up to be supervisors and or WIC Directors." - McClure's favorite WIC memories
New York WIC Conference
(submitted by Jalynn Walker, Program Manager, Site
Solutions Worldwide)

The 45th Annual Conference for the WIC Association of New York State took place April 15th-17th in Albany, New York. The conference attracted over 200 attendees including WIC Directors, dietitians, nutritionists, nurses, WIC clerical and vendor management staff, and NYS agency staff. For two days, attendees were able to network in person, speakers presented tantalizing new content and research, and the exhibit hall was bustling with over 30 exhibitors.

The Opening Welcome Session featured remarks from Associate Director and WIC Chair Lisa Fermin, NWICA Senior Public Policy Manager Nell Menefee-Libey, USDA FNS Regional Administrator Lizbeth Silbermann, NYS WIC Director Corie Nadzan, and a recognition of those with 30+ years of service to WIC.
Maine Highlights
USDA Visits Maine WIC CIAO Grantee
USDA FNCS Deputy Under Secretary Stacy Dean visited CIAO grantee The Opportunity Alliance (TOA) in Portland, Maine to learn more about its community outreach work with immigrant populations, and the work of multilingual WIC counselors co-located within Maine Medical Center OBGYN and pediatric clinics.

Maine DHHS Commissioner Jeanne Lambrew and Northeast Regional FNS Administrator Lizbeth Silbermann also participated in the meeting.

(l to r, front row: Maine WIC Director Ginger Roberts-Scott, TOA WIC Special Project Coordinator Lilian Vitale, and TOA WIC Director Anna Bullett. Back row: Northeast FNS Administrator Lizbeth Silbermann, Maine DHHS Commissioner Jeanne Lambrew, and USDA Deputy Under Secretary Stacy Dean)
Spotlight on WIC Affiliation with Church
(submitted by Jessica Eyles, City of Bangor, WIC Program Manager. photo courtesy of Dover-Foxcroft United Methodist Church)

Thanks to collaborative efforts between the Maine WIC Program and the Dover-Foxcroft United Methodist Church, a Pay it Forward shop supports the residents of Dover-Foxcroft, the largest town in Piscataquis County Maine.

The shop offers toys, books, clothing, shoes and more for newborns to preteens---all for free. All that is asked in return is that you pay it forward with kindness. The popular shop has been up and running for more than 10 years now. It is open to the public the second and third Wednesday of each month, which coincides with when WIC staff are at the church to outreach to potential WIC families and offer clinic services to those enrolled in the program.

Shoppers are welcome from across the community---moms, dads, grandparents, teachers; anyone in need. All that is asked is they pay it forward by helping a neighbor, sharing a smile or donating back clothing a child has outgrown.
Around Maine
Christie Basson, Maine WIC VISTA Promotions Specialist, staffed a table to talk about WIC and FMNP at the Maine American Academy of Pediatrics Annual Conference in Rockport.
Maine Family Planning WIC Clinic, in Ellsworth, creates a bulletin board in celebration of National Nutrition Month®.
Maine WIC participated in the annual Maine Farmers’ Market Conference, in Waterville. Along with having a table, Ana Pedre, Vendor Manager for WIC at the Maine CDC and Carla Salerno, Vendor & Data Specialist for WIC at the Maine CDC held a WIC at Your Market training for markets and stands that want to accept WIC.
Maine WIC staff conducted FMNP training and had an outreach booth at the Maine Agricultural Trades Show, in Augusta.
Get to Know Your USDA Regional WIC Team
Erin Bartlett, Program Specialist
Erin Bartlett is a Program Specialist for the Northeast Regional Office (NERO) WIC Team. Erin specializes in Food Delivery, Civil Rights, and the WIC and Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Programs (S/FMNP). Erin is also part of the NERO Culture Team and was recently appointed as the Regional Special Emphasis Program Manager (SEPM), Disability Employment Program.

Erin has worked with the USDA since October 2023. Before joining the Agency, she worked as an ADA Coordinator at the Massachusetts Executive Office of Health and Human Services, Office of Diversity Equity, Inclusion and Access. She spent most of her professional career working within the Massachusetts Emergency Shelter system, most recently at the Massachusetts Executive Office of Housing and Living Communities as the ADA Coordinator for the EA Family and Individual Shelter system, serving unhoused families and individuals.

During her free time, Erin will most likely be found at her cabin in New Hampshire enjoying outdoor activities such as kayaking, hiking, off-roading in her Jeep, or curled up by the fire with a good book.
USDA Press Room
Resources
Share Your Stories/Resources
If you have a story idea or someone you think should be profiled, let us know. If you have resources to share, we can highlight them in future editions. We will be covering all the many aspects of WIC so send forth your input for consideration.

Content Disclaimer: The resources, views and opinions included and expressed are those of the contributors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy, position or endorsement of USDA.
Photos and graphics are courtesy of those featured, taken by FNS or stock.

Subscription/Distribution Disclaimer: It is important recipients not forward the Wonders of WIC through their emails, but instead subscribe by sending an email via the link below or share the View as Webpage weblink. Otherwise, the publication will lose its formatting and not appear as it should. This is a glitch in Constant Contact, the system we use to create and distribute our publications. View as Webpage

Having trouble? Email the USDA regional communications office at SM.FN.PA-NERO@usda.gov
USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer and lender.