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September Monthly Newsletter
Hispanic and Latino Heritage Month 2020
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In this Issue:
- Culture is Prevention: Celebrating Hispanic Latino Heritage Month
- Additional Resources
- What's Happening Around the Region?
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Epi Corner: Identifying Opioid Misuse Risk and Protective Factors for Hispanic/Latino Populations
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Culture is Prevention: Celebrating Hispanic Latino Heritage Month
Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center
Every year since 1968, between September 15 and October 15 Americans celebrate Hispanic Heritage Month to recognize Hispanic and Latino communities and their countless contributions and resilience. Additionally, we celebrate the richness of Hispanic and Latino countries, families, traditions, and cultures.
Hispanics and Latinos can face very stressful life conditions that put them at risk for substance misuse and other behavioral health disorders. Poverty, migration, lack of transportation, isolation, a shared sense of belonging, lack of access to prevention programs, shortage of mental health services, and lack of access to culturally and linguistically appropriate services—also, stress related to acculturation and discrimination. It is crucial to provide culturally and linguistically prevention programs and evidence-based practices that are effective for substance misuse, suicide prevention, and mental health programs in Hispanic and Latino communities.
The National Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center supports Latino and Hispanic-serving organizations in the prevention field nationwide by providing free high-quality training and technical assistance. We disseminate and support the implementation of evidence-based and promising practices to enhance service delivery, promote the growth of a diverse, culturally competent workforce, and bridge access to quality behavioral health services. We are committed to increasing health equity, and access to effective culturally and linguistically grounded approaches.
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2021 National Hispanic and Latino Executive Leadership and Fellowship Program
This leadership development program is designed to help entry-level to mid-level career leaders/managers become great leaders in their field. The program focuses on leadership capacity building offering behavioral health leaders the opportunity to discover and expand their leadership strengths and be better prepared when new and greater opportunities come up.
Fact Sheet: Prevention Tools for Latino Families During Covid-19
National Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center
This one-page fact sheet provides information about the extent of drug and alcohol use among Hispanic/Latino populations and provides tips and resources for families and youth during the Covid 19 pandemic.
Webinar: Preventing Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in the Hispanic and Latinx Communities
National Hispanic and Latino Prevention Technology Transfer Center
This webinar offers an overview of Adverse Childhood Experiences and its impact on population health with the emphasis on the prevention of ACEs in the Hispanic and Latinx communities by fostering resilience and building self-healing communities.
National CLAS Standards
United States Department of Health and Human Services
This website is a great resource for digging a little deeper into the CLAS standards including taking a closer look at each of the standards and how to apply them to your current organization or performance standards.
Hispanics/Latinos and Tobacco Use
Center for Disease Control (CDC)
A summary of data and facts about tobacco use among Hispanic and Latino populations and subgroups. It includes data regarding the marketing and influence of media.
Alcohol and the Hispanic Community
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIH)
A short fact sheet about the impact of alcohol misuse on Hispanic communities.
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What's Happening Around the Region? |
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People of Color Learning Community Webinar Series
The South-Southwest Prevention Technology Transfer Center will host five virtual learning community sessions for prevention professionals in Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas working in communities of color. The purpose of the learning community is to discuss strategies for creating change that lead to positive outcomes in communities of color.
Session Three
October 6, 2:00 CT / 1:00 MT
Session three will focus on the importance of prevention advocacy in communities of color, the difference between education and lobbying, and examples of how to advocate for change. Please join this conversation about a core component in prevention work. If we are not speaking up for the communities we serve, chances are no one else is speaking up.
Please save the dates for these upcoming sessions!
● November 4, 2020 at 2:00 p.m. CT / 1:00 p.m. MT
● December 1, 2020 at 2:00 p.m. CT / 1:00 p.m. MT
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Prevention Online Courses
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The South Southwest PTTC is currently suspending in-person training and meetings until further notice. Virtual services will proceed as scheduled. |
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Epi Corner
Iris Smith, Ph.D., M.P.H.
South Southwest Prevention Technology Transfer Center
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Identifying Opioid Misuse Risk and Protective Factors for Hispanic/Latino Populations
Opioid addiction and mortality rates have historically been lower among Hispanics in the United States compared with other ethnic groups.1 One of the driving factors in the recent increase in both addiction and opioid-related mortality has been the increased availability of synthetic opioids. In 2017, 59% of the 47,600 deaths were attributed to opioid use, 59% involved synthetic opioids including illicitly manufactured fentanyl (IMF). Cocaine, methamphetamine and counterfeit prescription pills that are increasingly laced with IMF, places more individuals at risk of opioid overdose.2
However, recent data indicates use rates are similar to the national population rate of approximately 4%. In 2018, 1.7 million Hispanic/Latinos 12 and older, were estimated to have engaged in opioid misuse in the past year. Hispanic/Latino high school age youth are using drugs at rates equivalent or higher compared to other ethnic groups.3 Data from the National Vital Statistics System, Multiple Cause of Death Mortality files from 2015-2017 showed that while death rates for drug overdose deaths increased across all racial/ethnic groups in all metropolitan areas (large central metro, large fringe metro and medium/small metro), Hispanics had the largest percentage increase in rates of drug overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids.2
There are a number of sociocultural factors that have influenced opioid-related mortality and use rates among Hispanics. Historically, the lack of access to culturally appropriate healthcare services in Hispanic communities was actually protective in that it limited access to provider initiated prescriptions for opioid drugs. Cultural preferences for alternative treatments for pain relief such as over the counter medications and herbal remedies have contributed to less demand for pain medication , particularly among older and first generation individuals.4 Cultural beliefs regarding expression/admission of pain or mental health distress (stoicism) also served as protective factors. However, language barriers, changing societal attitudes toward immigration, discrimination, exposure to violence and trauma, and availability of synthetic opioids have all contributed to the rise in use within this population. The traditional value of familismo (seeking help with the family first), gender roles within the family (machismo and marianismo), lack of familiarity with outside treatment resources, and the lack of culturally appropriate services, contributes to a reluctance to seek treatment for drug problems.5 Disparities in the effective treatment of pain by medical providers may also contribute to a disproportionate burden of chronic pain in minority populations.6
There are a number of gaps in the existing body of research on risk and protective factors for Hispanic/Latino populations. For example, although the association between degree of acculturation (U.S. mainstream cultural orientation) has been identified as a risk factor for alcohol abuse, the protective effect of enculturation (traditional heritage orientation) has not been widely studied. Liu and Zamboanga (2018) also point out that the use of broad ethnic designations such as “Hispanic/Latino” does not allow for examination of differences among subpopulations based on countries of origin. They also point out that the use of language (“Spanish-speaking”) may not be an adequate proxy for acculturation.7
Accurate identification of risk and protective factors within a community of interest is critical for the design and implementation of effective prevention services. Engaging cultural brokers within the community to better understand historical, cultural and structural influences on individual behaviors can enhance recruitment, retention, and engagement with prevention services.
Resources
Hispanic/Latino Behavioral Health Equity
Substance Abuse Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
Resources include national survey reports, agency and federal initiatives, and related behavioral health and Spanish-language resources.
The Opioid Crisis and the Hispanic/Latino Population: An Urgent Issue
Office of Behavioral Health Equity, SAMHSA
This issue brief presents recent data on the prevalence of opioid misuse and death rates in the Hispanic/Latino population.
Research Data, Measures and Resources
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Links and information on measures, databases/data sharing opportunities, prevention and treatment resources
References
De Guzman E, Woods-Giscombe CL & Beeber LS (2015). Barriers and Facilitators of Hispanic Older Adult Mental Health Service Utilization in the USA. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 36(1), pg 11-20. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25398071/
Guererro EG, Marsh JC, Khachikian T, Amaro H, Vega WA (2013) Disparities in Latino Substance Use Service Use and Treatment: Implications for Culturally and Evidence-based Interventions Under Health Care Reform. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 133 (3), pg. 805-813. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23953657/
Guerrero EG, Marsh JC, Khachikian T, Amaro H, Vega WA (2018). Gender and Cultural Adaptations for Diversity: A Systematic Review of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Interventions for Latino Males. Substance Use and Misuse 53 (10), pg. 1608-1623. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29364763/
Kapke TL & Gerdes AC (2016). Latino Family Participation in Youth Mental Health Services: treatment, Retention, Engagement and Response. Clinical Child Family Psychology Review, 19 (4), pg. 329-351. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27585812/
Lippold KM, Jones CM, O’Malley Olsen, E, Giroir BP (2019). Racial/Ethnic Age Group Differences in Opioid and Synthetic Opioid Involved Overdose Deaths Among Adults Aged > 18 Years in Metropolitan Areas – United States, 2015-2017. MMWR, 68 (43), pg. 967-973. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6843a3.htm
Lui, PP, Zamboanga BL 2018. A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of the Associations Between Acculturation and Alcohol Use Outcomes Among Hispanic Americans. Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research, 42 (10), pg. 1841-1862. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30030932/
Meghani SH, Byun R, Gallagher RM (2012). Time to Take Stock: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic review of Analgesic Treatment Disparities for Pain in the United States. Pain Medicine, 13(2); pg. 150-174 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22239747/
Valdez LA, Flores M, Ruiz J, Oren Eyal, Carvajal S, Garcia DO (2018). Gender and Cultural Adaptations for Diversity: A Systematic Review of Alcohol and Substance Abuse Interventions for Latino Males. Substance Use and Misuse 53(10), pg 1608-1623 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29364763/
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1 Brenes F & Henriquez F (2020). Hispanics, Addictions and the Opioid Epidemic: Brief Report. Hispanic Health Care International 2020 18(1), pg. 40-43.
2 Lippold KM, Jones CM, Olsen EO & Giroir BP. (2019).Racial/Ethnic and Age Group Differences in Opioid and Synthetic Opioid-involved Overdose Deaths Among Adults Aged > 18 years in Metropolitan Areas – United States, 2015-2017. MMWR 58(43), pg 967-973.
3 SAMHSA: The Opioid Crisis and the Hispanic/Latino Population: An Urgent Issue. Publication No. PEP20-05-02-002. Office of Behavioral Health Equity. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2020.
4 De Guzman E & Woods-Giscombe CI (2015)Barriers and Facilitators of Hispanic Older Adult Mental Health Service Utilization in the USA. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 36 , pg 11-20.
5 Ibid
6 Meghani, Byun & Gallagher (2012). Time to Take Stock: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Analgesic Treatment Disparities for Pain in the United States. Pain Medicine 13, pg.150-174
7 Lui & Zamboanga (2018). A Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of the Associations Between Acculturation and Alcohol Use Outcomes Among Hispanic Americans. Alcohol Clinical Experimental Research 42(10), pg. 1841-1862.
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