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Sometimes called the Jevons Effect, it occurs when technological progress or government policy increases the efficiency with which a resource is used.
But the falling cost of use induces increases enough that the resource use is increased, rather than reduced.
Governments typically assume that efficiency gains will lower resource consumption, ignoring the possibility of the paradox arising.
Examples of the Jevons Paradox
from a 10-15-23 article:
Most people have this idea that humans have been switching energy sources for the last few centuries. First we used wood, then we used coal, then we used oil and natural gas, and now we’re switching to renewables. In reality, we’re still using all of the old energy sources. In fact, we’re burning more coal than ever before.
Sure, we’re using renewables too, but they haven’t stopped us from continuing to burn more fossil fuels every year. In 2021, for example, there was a 5% increase in global energy demand, and half of that was met with fossil fuels, especially coal.
Renewables aren’t replacing anything. All they’re doing is making electricity slightly cheaper, which encourages people to use more electricity. This is a great example of the Jevons Paradox.
How does that relate to our non-existent shift away from eating animal-based foods?
For years, we've heard many well-known environmental leaders talk timidly about the climate benefits of "cutting back" our meat consumption.
Of course, "cutting back" means different things to different people -- and I do not believe that very many Americans have decided to stop eating meat completely.
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