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As we celebrate Black History Month, the Center honors and recognizes the historical accomplishments made by
Black pioneers in behavioral health.
This month, we shine a light on just a few of the pioneers who have paved the way for deeper understanding and better lives for all. From groundbreaking early research sparking debate on desegregation, to new techniques and therapies, we recognize Black counselors, researchers, therapists, doctors, social workers and advocates who elevated our understanding of mental health and made invaluable contributions to the field.
The following are some of the pioneers who have helped shape the field of behavioral health:
E. Kitch Childs
Notable as a clinical psychologist who was known for advocating for minority women, sex workers, individuals living with HIV/AIDS, and the LGBTQ+ community. She was a founding member of the Association for Woman in Psychology and Chicago’s Gay Liberation Front.
Mamie Phipps Clark and Kenneth Bancroft Clark
Notable for their research on African American schoolchildren’s racial identity and self-esteem during the desegregation period with their Doll Test project. The conclusion of this study was so profound that it became a pillar of Brown v. Board of Education, ending school segregation.
Solomon Carter Fuller
Notable as one of the first Black psychiatrists in the United States, who made significant contributions to the study of Alzheimer’s disease. A neurologist, psychiatrist, pathologist, and professor, he was the son of a slave who later bought his freedom.
Maxie Clarence Maultsby, Jr.
Notable as an accomplished psychiatrist, author and innovator in the field of behavioral health. He is the author of several books on emotional and behavioral self-management, and the founder of both Rational Behavior Therapy and Rational Self-Counseling.
Jacki McKinney
Notable for her advocacy on behalf of African American women and children experiencing trauma and mental health challenges, she gave presentations to national audiences on minority issues in public mental health. She was a founding member of the National People of Color Consumer/Survivor Network and the Center for Mental Health Services.
Angela Neal-Barnett
Notable for her work supporting African American women who suffer from anxiety. She is the author of Soothe Your Nerves: The Black Woman's Guide to Understanding and Overcoming Anxiety, Panic, and Fear.
Inez Beverly Prosser
Notable for being the first Black woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology in the United States, as well as her work in education and desegregation. Results from her research led to calls for radical changes in attitude on the part of teachers and administrators to help kids have a more positive experience with desegregation.
Robert Lee Williams, II
Notable as a vocal critic of racial and cultural biases in IQ testing. He called out these biases by creating his own standardized test showing how testing structure negatively influenced outcomes for and perceptions of African Americans. He was a founder and the first president of the National Association of Black Psychologists.
It is important to honor those who shaped the trajectory of mental health and all that was done to improve the well-being of society. We thank them deeply for all they have contributed. These pioneers worked to help others and leave lasting legacies for future generations. Their dedication allows us the opportunity to continue their critical work.
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